South american power grid energy storage power plant operation

Is hydropower the future of South America?

Hydropower remains the backbone of South America’s energy system, and as the region embraces innovation and sustainability – through certified projects and hybrid systems such as floating solar – its vast Andean-Amazon potential continues to shape a resilient, renewable future. Cachoeira Caldeirão hydropower project, Brazil. Credit: Engie

Why is hydropower important in South America?

Hydropower is vital for South America’s energy mix, and thanks to natural resources such as the Andes mountains and the Amazon basin, potential for generation is vast. A mere 30% of the region’s hydropower potential is currently being exploited, but even that satisfies approximately 45% of the continent’s electricity demand.

What is a hybrid solar system in South America?

In response, South America is pioneering hybrid systems combining hydropower and other renewables to maximise sustainability and efficiency. The deployment of PV arrays on hydro reservoir surfaces is a leading example of this approach. Brazil, for example, began construction of the country’s largest floating solar plant in late 2024.

How is Singapore improving its energy strategy?

Singapore is strengthening its energy strategy by importing regional hydropower and expanding grid infrastructure. It endorsed the COP29 Global Energy Storage and Grids Pledge in December 2024. With 95% of electricity from imported natural gas, improving storage and grids is key to integrating renewables.

How many pumped storage projects are being approved in India?

To support India’s storage targets, the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has accelerated project approvals for six major projects totalling 7.5GW in 2024/25 and plans to approve at least 13 more projects (22GW) in 2025/26. As of early 2025, approximately 44.5GW of pumped storage projects are at various stages of development.

Could Sweden boost hydropower capacity and flexibility by upgrading existing plants?

Sweden could significantly boost hydropower capacity and flexibility by upgrading existing plants, according to a recent study by AFRY supported by the Swedish Association of Engineers. The analysis estimates that up to 4GW of additional capacity could be added, which is equal to the output of approximately 3.5 nuclear reactors.